May 27th 2024.
Skin cancer is becoming a growing concern as cases continue to rise. Specifically, instances of melanoma skin cancer have reached an all-time high in the UK, with an estimated 20,800 people expected to be diagnosed this year. A recent analysis conducted by Cancer Research UK has shown that rates of melanoma have increased by almost a third in the past decade, rising from 21 cases per 100,000 people between 2007-2009 to 28 per 100,000 between 2017-2019.
The data reveals that the largest increase in cases was seen among individuals over the age of 80, with a staggering 57% rise. Additionally, there was a 7% rise among those aged 25 to 49. Cancer Research UK has stated that approximately 17,000 cases of melanoma each year could have been prevented, with nearly nine out of ten cases caused by excessive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. This type of radiation, whether from the sun or from tanning beds, can damage DNA in skin cells and increase the risk of skin cancer.
In order to protect against UV radiation, Cancer Research UK recommends taking precautions such as spending time in the shade, especially between 11am and 3pm, and covering up with clothing, a wide-brimmed hat, UV-protection sunglasses, and a sunscreen with at least SPF 30 and 4 or 5 stars. It is also important to reapply sunscreen often to ensure maximum protection.
One of the most concerning aspects of melanoma skin cancer is that it can often go unnoticed until it has reached an advanced stage. This is why it is crucial to be aware of potential symptoms, such as the appearance of a new mole or changes in an existing mole. While melanomas can appear anywhere on the body, they are more commonly found in areas that are regularly exposed to the sun.
It is important to be alert for moles that have an uneven shape or edges, a mixture of colors, or are larger than normal. Additionally, any mole that changes in size or shape over time, becomes swollen or sore, bleeds, itches, or develops a crust should be examined by a doctor. These symptoms should not be ignored, as early detection can greatly increase the chances of successful treatment.
The chief executive of Cancer Research UK, Michelle Mitchell, emphasizes the importance of not only raising awareness about the dangers of skin cancer, but also taking preventative measures to reduce the risk of developing the disease. She advises individuals to seek medical attention if they notice any unusual changes to their skin, whether it be a new or changing mole, a sore that does not heal, or an area of skin that appears abnormal.
One of the most crucial steps in preventing skin cancer is regularly using sunscreen. The charity has found that younger people tend to be more aware of the link between the sun and skin cancer, while older individuals may have been influenced by the "cheap package holiday boom" starting in the 1960s. Other contributing factors to the rise in cases include a growing and aging population, as well as an increased awareness of skin cancer symptoms.
It is important to note that the dangers of skin cancer are not limited to natural sunlight. Sunbeds, which expose users to high levels of radiation, have also been linked to many cases of skin cancer. According to data released by the charity Melanoma Focus, 28% of UK adults admit to using sunbeds.
Adele Hughes, a mother of two from Aberdeenshire, knows firsthand the dangers of sunbeds. She was diagnosed with melanoma at the age of 39 and has since undergone multiple surgeries and immunotherapy treatments. Adele, who used sunbeds as a teenager, is now passionate about raising awareness and protecting younger generations, including her 12-year-old daughter, Siena, and 10-year-old daughter, Elise.
Adele stresses the importance of educating parents and schools about the dangers of UV radiation and the importance of protecting the skin. She believes that with the right precautions, cases of melanoma can be prevented in the future. While the number of cases continues to rise, the good news is that more people are surviving melanoma and the number of deaths is expected to continue to fall.
Dr. Claire Knight from Cancer Research UK reminds individuals that even one instance of sunburn every two years can triple the risk of developing skin cancer. Therefore, it is important to spend time in the shade, cover up with clothing, and regularly apply sunscreen with at least SPF 30 and 4 or 5 stars. This is especially important during the middle of the day when the sun is strongest, but it is also important to remember that sunburn can occur on cooler or cloudier days as well.
In addition to taking precautions, there is also hope for a cure. Last month, a stage 2 trial of a personalized mRNA cancer vaccine for melanoma showed promising results in reducing the risk of the cancer returning. This "gamechanger" jab, which is custom-made for each individual, is currently in a phase 3 trial and offers hope for not only melanoma patients, but also those with other types of cancer such as lung, bladder, and kidney cancer.
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