The warping machine is a process in which a certain number of warp yarns are wound in parallel on the warp beam or weaving beam according to the specified length and width. Warped warp yarns are used for sizing and drawing in. Warping requires equal tension of each warp yarn, uniform distribution on the warp beam or weaving beam, and the arrangement of colored yarns conforms to the process regulations. The original warping is done by hand. During the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods of China, rake warping was used in silk weaving production. In the Yuan Dynasty "Zi Ren Yi Zhi" recorded the method of warping with rakes.
In the Yuan Dynasty "Zi Ren Yi Zhi" recorded the method of warping with rakes. In the palm fan diagram the silk thread comes from? It is drawn from the top of the child, passes through the guide wire eye, is divided into upper and lower layers by the palm fan, and then twisted, and then the bundle of twisted strands is wound on the raked wooden stake. The number of stakes determines the warping length. Harrow warping is the initial form of section warping. Horizontal rake warping is recorded in "Bin Feng Guang Yi" and "Sericulture Cui Bian" written by the Qing Dynasty. Pedestal warping machine seen in the Southern Song Dynasty building? In "Plowing and Weaving Picture". The warping of hand-woven cotton and linen fabrics adopts horizontal frame warping. First, a certain number of warp yarns are respectively wound on the pile heads of the wooden frame, and then the warp yarns are drawn out, carded and arranged, and then wound on the weaving frame. On the shaft, this warping method is still used to weave linen. In modern production, according to different process requirements, four methods are adopted: shaft warping (batch), strip (strip), segmental and ball warping.
Axis method
First, a part of the total number of warp yarns required by the full-width fabric is wound into several warp beams, and then several warp beams are combined by a sizing machine or combined by a parallel machine and then wound on the weaving beam to Satisfy the requirements of the number of roots. Shaft warping is characterized by fast warping speed and high productivity, which is suitable for mass production and is often used in cotton weaving.
Segmentation
First, a part of the total number of warp yarns required by the full-width fabric is formed into a strip as required, and then wound on the warping cylinder. When a strip is wound to the specified length, cut and thread the strands. Another strip is then wound parallel to the previous strip. In this way, the strips are wound one by one in turn until the specified number of strips is wound. In order to form well, with the rotation of the drum, each layer of warp yarn should make a slight lateral movement, so that the cross section of the strip is parallelogram. The full-width warp yarn on the warping cylinder is wound onto the weaving beam by the reversing shaft mechanism. The characteristic of the section warping method is that it can be directly made into a weaving shaft. When it is used for warping of multi-colored or different twisted warps, it is more convenient to arrange the colored warps. It is widely used in the production of small batches and many varieties of yarn-dyed, woolen and silk weaving.
Segmentation method
First, a part of the warp yarn required for the entire width of the fabric is wound on a narrow warp beam, and then several narrow warp beams are simultaneously unwound into a wide warp beam. In order to weave fabrics arranged in symmetrical patterns, the steering of each narrow warp beam can be arranged at intervals of clockwise and counterclockwise. If several small warp beams of narrow width are put side by side successively on the shaft tube, the weaving beams for warp knitting machines and knitting machines etc. can be formed.
ball meridian method
First, a certain number of warp yarns are clustered and wound into a mesh spherical yarn cluster, and after dyeing, the creel warping machine is wound on the warp drawing machine to form a warp beam. In this way, the warped warp yarns are evenly dyed, which is suitable for colored fabrics such as denim. The shaft warping machine consists of two parts, the creel and the warping head. Place conical or cylindrical bobbins on the creel. After the yarn is drawn from the bobbin, it passes through the tension device, then passes through the guide rod on the warping machine, passes through the telescopic reed, bypasses the yarn guide roller, and is wound on the warp beam. The warping machine is also equipped with devices such as upper warp beam, drop warp beam, length measurement and full beam automatic stop. The creels are divided into four types: V-shaped, half-moon, rectangular and rectangular-V-shaped; according to the way of yarn unwinding, it is divided into two types: axial type and tangential type; according to the way of changing bobbins, it is divided into intermittent type and continuous type. Two types; according to whether there is a prepared bobbin, it is divided into two types: single type and double type.
The single type belongs to the intermittent type, and the double type is divided into continuous type and intermittent type. There are only working bobbins on the single creel, and when the yarn unwinding on the whole batch of bobbins is finished, the machine will stop to take off the empty bobbins, replace it with full bobbins, and then start driving. The tension of each warp yarn of the single creel is relatively similar, the floor space is small, and the operation is convenient, but there are more yarns after changing the tube. It is suitable for the production of cotton, wool and silk weaving with high quality requirements. There are two sets of bobbin brackets on the continuous bobbin creel, inserting the working bobbin and the preparatory bobbin respectively, and the yarn end of the working bobbin is connected with the yarn end of the preparatory bobbin. This kind of creel does not need to stop when the can is changed, which can improve the productivity of the warping machine, but the creel occupies a large area and the tension of each warp yarn varies greatly. In order to improve the efficiency of the warping machine, the rotary creel and the trolley combined creel can be used for collective can change. The rotary creel consists of a preparatory creel and a working creel. When the yarn on the working creel will be unwound, the preparatory creel will turn back to the working side and connect the head to become the working creel. The trolley combined creel is composed of several movable trolleys and a frame. Each trolley can hold 50-144 bobbins. When the yarn on the creel of a group of trolleys is unwound, the trolley with empty bobbins will leave automatically, and the trolley with full bobbins will enter the working position. The creel is also equipped with automatic yarn clamping, over-tension breakage and tension adjustment devices. On the high-speed warping machine, the thyristor direct-current speed-regulating motor and hydraulic variable-speed oil motor are used to directly drive the warp beam, and there are end-break self-stop, automatic pressurization, automatic upper and lower shafts and high-power hydraulic brake devices. The speed is as high as about 1000 meters per minute.
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